Elena Evgenievna Tinikova,
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Khakass Research Institute of Language, Literature and History, Abakan, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Demographic Modernization of the Sayan-Altai Republics: Terms, Stages, Features
DOI: 10.31518/2618-9100-2021-4-17
In the article, the author analyzes the features of demographic modernization in the national subjects of the Sayan-Altai: Khakassia, Tuva and Altai. As well as Russia, the region is characterized by discontinuity in the course of demographic processes. This was due to a number of demographic disasters in the first half of the 20th century. As a result, this led to the fact that the demographic modernization developed to its full extent only from the middle of the last century. This was reflected, first of all, in changes in the dynamics of mortality, birth rate and the structure of causes of the population death. In the administrative units under study, the rate of the demographic modernization was lower than the state’s average. This was largely determined by the structure of the economy, the level of urbanization, housing of the indigenous population of the Sayan-Altai national regions, and the structure of the population. The distinctive features of the region’s population structure were its polyethnicity, with the predominance of two main ethnic groups in each of the administrative units (the Russians and the local indigenous population), young age, and the large rural population (with the exception of Khakassia). As a result, unlike other regions of Russia, where the demographic transition successfully developed and entered its final stage in the 1960s and 1970s, in the Sayan-Altai Region, all signs of the completion of the demographic transition were not traced until the end of the existence of the Soviet country. High birth rate and high infant mortality were prominent features of the region’s demographic development. The latter rate is evidence of the low level of the development of the population’s health care and life. Even in the 2010s, three national republics continued to top the list of regions in the Siberian Federal District with the highest infant mortality rate. The author considers that the high birth rate that persisted in the region at the end of the Soviet period, despite the inevitable downward trend, could become one of the most important resources for the socio-economic prosperity of the Sayan-Altai. However, the collapse of the USSR and the subsequent demographic catastrophe did not allow the region to realize its potential, including the demographic sphere.
Publishing: 28/08/2021
The article has been received by the editor on 01.06.2021
How to cite: Tinikova E.E. Demographic Modernization of the Sayan-Altai Republics: Terms, Stages, Features // Historical Courier, 2021, No. 4 (18), pp. 186–194. [Available online:] http://istkurier.ru/data/2021/ISTKURIER-2021-4-17.pdf
Links: Issue 4 2021
Keywords: demographic modernization; mortality; birth rate; Khakassia; Tuva; Altai