Iana Vladimirovna Anokhina,
Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Formation and Development of the First Novosibirsk Technical Institute in the Context of the University Reforms of the 1930s
DOI: 10.31518/2618-9100-2025-1-4
The article discusses the forming and development of the Institute of Military Engineers of Railway Transport (NIMET), which became the first technical institute in 1932 in Novosibirsk. The new political regime set the task of accelerated training of qualified soviet specialists for the needs of industrialization. Therefore, in the early 1930s, the network of institutes in the region expanded. The regional center (Novonikolaevsk-Novosibirsk) did not have institutes until the end of the 1920s. The first institute in the city was the Institute of National Economy, established in 1929, which trained specialists in economics. However, the initial plan for the formation of Novosibirsk higher school as a socio-economic one, in connection with the tasks of the first five-year plans, changed, therefore, technical education became a priority until the 1950s. The growth of the university network occurred due to the unbundling of universities and institutes, from which separate faculties were separated and transported to other cities, forming highly specialized training centers. New universities were often poorly provided financially and could not function normally, as a result of which the reverse process of merging institutions began in the second half of the 1930s. NIMET stood out from the Siberian Institute of Transport Engineers in Tomsk and became an example of successful institute construction in Novosibirsk, although it faced the typical problems of personnel and material shortages for the period. The need to carry out training and mass graduation of specialists in a short time with a shortage and dispersion of scientific and pedagogical personnel, the lack of material and methodological bases, poor training of students recruited primarily on the principle of “peasant-proletarian” origin, their distraction to economic and industrial work, reduced the quality of graduates. The problems of material support were solved during the first years of work, but the teaching personnel of the NIMET, formed in the early 1930s, although professionally and ideologically normatively appropriate to the regime and sufficiently staffed to conduct the educational process, however, by the end of the 1930s had a low qualification level, since it consisted mostly of specialists-practitioners who were just starting their teaching careers.
Publishing: 24/02/2025
The article has been received by the editor on 20/10/2024
How to cite: Anokhina I.V. Formation and Development of the First Novosibirsk Technical Institute in the Context of the University Reforms of the 1930s // Historical Courier, 2025, No. 1 (39), pp. 49–60. [Available online: http://istkurier.ru/data/2025/ISTKURIER-2025-1-04.pdf]
Links: Issue 1 2025
Keywords: higher school; university reform; scientific and pedagogical staff; NoRIET-NIMET; Novosibirsk; Siberia