Vladimir Alekseevich Kyshpanakov,
Doctor of Historical Sciences, Khakass Research Institute of Language, Literature and History, Abakan, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Mortality Trends of Population of Khakassia (1920s – Early 1990s)
DOI: 10.31518/2618-9100-2024-3-4
The article analyzes the dynamics of mortality and its causes in Khakassia during the Soviet historical period, covering the beginning of the formation of Khakassian statehood until the end of the Soviet Union era (1920 – early 1990s). Based on the use of archival sources, some of which are published for the first time, the article shows the living conditions of the indigenous Khakass population in the first years of the formation of the Khakass district. Data is provided that the main reasons for the high mortality of the Khakass were a wide range of infectious diseases and parasitic diseases, such as trachoma, smallpox, measles, diphtheria, malaria, typhoid, syphilis, etc., related to exogenous mortality factors. During the Soviet period, great successes were achieved in the fight against mortality and, above all, the most dangerous infectious diseases were practically eliminated. As a result of the general processes of modernization of the economy and social sphere in the USSR, in Khakassia, based on the accelerated development of its productive forces, the population, including the urban population, increased many times, there was a qualitative increase in its educational level, and a relatively developed healthcare system was formed. All this has accelerated the stages of epidemiological transition. In the second half of the 20th century. The primary task was to improve the unfavorable sanitary and epidemiological situation in the region left over from the Great Patriotic War and to eliminate hotbeds of infectious diseases. The successful solution of these problems made it possible to move on to a new strategy – the fight against endogenous and exogenous non-infectious causes of death. This was especially evident in the 1960–1970s. However, since the 1980s. The USSR is stagnating and lagging behind most developed countries in the pace of transition to a new epidemiological model of mortality. Despite the real increase in average life expectancy during the period under review, Khakassia, like the Soviet Union, was significantly behind advanced countries in this indicator. By the end of the USSR era, this gap in the rate of epidemiological transition to a new mortality model widened even more.
Publishing: 28/06/2024
The article has been received by the editor on 03/04/2024
How to cite: Kyshpanakov V.A. Mortality Trends of Population of Khakassia (1920s – Early 1990s) // Historical Courier, 2024, No. 3 (35), pp. 54–69. [Available online: http://istkurier.ru/data/2024/ISTKURIER-2024-1-04.pdf]
Links: Issue 3 2024
Keywords: death; mortality; exogenous causes of death; endogenous causes of death; Khakass people; population of Khakassia; epidemiological revolution