Vladimir Andreevich Il’inykh,
Doctor of Historical Sciences, Institute of History of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
The USSR Agriculture in 1930–1932: Dynamics, Factors of Development
DOI: 10.31518/2618-9100-2023-4-5
Author analyses the dynamics and development factors of the main branches and sub-branches of agriculture in the USSR under conditions of the forced collectivization. The changes in organizational-productive structure of agrarian sector of economy were reconstructed. It is concluded that the mass collectivization caused a deep crisis in animal husbandry, which manifested itself in the annual reduction of working and productive livestock. In crop farming it was possible to achieve an increase in the area under crops. But the increase was obtained mainly at the expense of industrial crops (cotton, sugar beets, etc.). The arable land occupied by grain crops increased insignificantly. Quality indicators of grain farming deteriorated. The average annual yield and gross yield of grain in 1930–1932 decreased in comparison with the previous three-year period. At the same time, the volume of state grain procurements in 1930–1932 increased significantly. This indicates an increase in the marketability of grain economy. However, it had an extra-economic coercive character. In the early 1930s there were radical changes in the organizational and production structure of agriculture in the USSR. Collective and state farms took the leading place in crop production. Most livestock was kept on farms categorized as individual farms. The second position in livestock production was occupied by private farms of collective farmers. Enterprises of the socialist sector were significantly inferior to individual farms in terms of livestock. As a result, in the early 1930s the agrarian sector of the USSR was characterized by even more multiformity than in the late 1920s.
Publishing: 28/08/2023
The article has been received by the editor on 30/04/2023
How to cite: Il’inykh V.A. The USSR Agriculture in 1930–1932: Dynamics, Factors of Development // Historical Courier, 2023, No. 4 (30), pp. 69–79. [Available online: http://istkurier.ru/data/2023/ISTKURIER-2023-4-05.pdf]
The article was made on the topic of the state assignment “Dynamics of the Economic and Social Development of Asian Russia in the Context of Geostrategic Challenges of the Late 19th – Early 21st Centuries” (FWZM-2021-0003).
Links: Issue 4 2023
Keywords: agrarian policy of the Soviet state; collectivization; agriculture; crop production; animal husbandry; collective farms