Zubkov Konstantin I.,
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Institute of History and Archaeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Shumkin Georgy N.,
Candidate of Historical Sciences, Institute of History and Archaeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Poberezhnikov Igor V.,
Doctor of Historical Sciences,Institute of History and Archaeology of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia, e-mail: This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
Colonization “Tides” in the Process of Developing the Eastern Regions of Russia (16th – Eearly 20th Century)
DOI: 10.31518/2618-9100-2019-6-13
On the basis of the idea proposed by S.V. Bakhrushin in his times, the process of the Russian colonization of the Urals and Siberia is characterized in the light of historical change of the main economic functions of colonizing territories in the development of the Russian state during the 16th – early 20th centuries. Such an approach allows not only a better comprehension of the logic in changing the colonization “tides” but also a more distinct view of a contribution the eastern peripheries had made to the process of Russia’s modernization. Thus, the essence of the phenomenon of frontier modernization connected with the colonization can be better presented and explained. The first colonization “tide” was of a commercial nature and was focused on the exploitation of the fur wealth of the regions. Chronologically, it covers the 16th – 17th (and only partially 18th) centuries. Geographically, it included both the Urals and Siberia; as soon as its resource was depleted, it would shifted eastwards. The second “tide” was focused on the enclave development of the mining and metallurgical industry (Ural, Altai and Transbaikal mining and metallurgical complexes). As result, the industrial enclaves mentioned transformed into leading regions of the proto-industrial modernization in the 18th century. Finally, the third “wave” of colonization activity, which became noticeable in the eastern regions of the country since the middle of the 19th century, was focused on mass resettlement of peasants and the deepening of agrarian development of territories. The third, agrarian, “tide” of colonization was more large-scale demographically, more extensive territorially, more profound in the socio-institutional and economic-cultural relations. In the long run the third “tide” had important economic and social consequences, providing the creation of prerequisites for more organic economic growth in the future due to the expansion of the domestic market, diversification of economic activity, development of trade and cities, as well as the industrial sector related to the processing of agricultural products.
Publishing: 30/12/2019
How to cite: Zubkov K.I., Poberezhnikov I.V., Shumkin G.N. Colonization “Tides” in the Process of Developing the Eastern Regions of Russia (16th – Eearly 20th Century) // Historical Courier, 2019, No 6. P. 157–170. [Available online:] http://istkurier.ru/data/2019/ISTKURIER-2019-6-13.pdf
Links: Issue 6 2019
Keywords: rontier modernization; tides of colonization; the Urals; Siberia; furs; agrarian development; mining industry; forestry